Venus

Venus is a rocky planet and the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. Venus spin slowly backwards as it orbits the Sun, causing its rotational period to be the longest in the solar system, at about 243 Earth days. It is slightly smaller than the Earth and probably has a similar internal structure, consisting of a semi solid metallic core, surrounded by a rocky mantle and crust. Venus is the brightest object in the sky after the Sun and the moon because its atmosphere reflects sunlight strongly. the main component of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide, which traps the heat in the greenhouse effect far stronger than that on the Earth. As a result, Venus is the hottest planet, with the maximum surface temperature of about 480 degree celsius. The thick cloud layers contains droplets of sulphuric acid and are driven around the planet by winds at speeds of upto 360kmph.

2D computer graphics

The first advance in computer graphics was in the use of CRTs. There are two approaches to 2D computer graphics: vector and raster graphics. Vector graphics stores precise geometric data, topology and style such as: coordinate positions of points, the relations between points, and the color, thickness, and possible fill of the shapes. Most vector graphic systems can also use primitives of standard shapes such as circles, rectangles, etc.

Early vector-graphics displays were monochrome CRTs where the picture was drawn by the cathode ray being motivated about the screen along the required path. On a scanning display, a vector graphic image has to be transformed to a raster image to be viewed. Raster graphics is a uniform 2-dimensional grid of pixels. Each pixel has a specific value such as, for instance, brightness, color, transparency, or a combination of such values. A raster image has a finite resolution of a specific number of rows and columns. Standard computer displays shows a raster image of resolutions such as 1280 columnsx1024 rows of pixels. Today, one often combines raster and vector graphics in complex file formats.

Economics and business competition

Merriam-Webster defines competition in business as "the effort of two or more parties acting separately to secure the business of a third party by offering the most favorable terms." Seen as the pillar of capitalism in that it may stimulate innovation, hearten efficiency, or drive down prices, competition is touted as the foundation upon which capitalism is justified. According to microeconomic theory, no system of resource allocation is more capable than pure competition. Competition, according to the theory, causes commercial firms to develop new products, services, and technologies. This gives consumers greater selection and better products. The greater selection typically causes lower prices for the products compared to what the price would be if there was no contest or little competition.

However, competition may also lead to wasted effort and to increased costs in some circumstances. Similarly, the psychological effects of competition may result in harm to those involved.